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Battery University. Battery Categories, Chemistries, and Types. Battery categories: An easy minute primer Primary battery options: A look at alkaline batteries Primary battery options: A look at lithium batteries Primary battery niche: The silver-oxide watch battery Primary battery niche: Zinc-air hearing device batteries Secondary battery options: Nickel-based Ni-CD and Ni-MH batteries Secondary battery options: Lithium-ion rechargeable batteries.
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Rechargeable Batteries and Battery Chargers. At the anode, zinc reacts with the hydroxide ions released from the cathode, producing zinc oxide and water, and releasing electrons in the process:. At the cathode, the released electrons are combined with manganese IV oxide and water to produce manganese III oxide and hydroxide ions:. For these reactions to continue, the ions are continuously travelling through the electrolyte while the electrons are travelling outside the electrolyte through the wires that connect the anode and the cathode.
This creates an electric current in the wire. Alkaline batteries are non rechargeable. This means that these reactions can only take place in the above direction. Once all of the manganese IV oxide has been converted into manganese III oxide, the reactions come to a halt and the battery can no longer produce an electric current. With rechargeable batteries, it is possible to reverse the reactions that allow them to drive electrons around a circuit.
A good example for rechargeable batteries is the lithium-ion battery, which is used to power most mobile phones and laptops. When the batteries are being used to power up devices, we say the battery is discharging. A lithium-ion battery designed for use in a laptop. Since their introduction, though, some users have found ways to speed this process up:.
While both batteries produce energy the same way, their chemical compositions are vastly different. This has a direct effect on the amount of voltage produced. Most modern-day devices can compensate for minor differences in voltage a common one is 1. The simple solution: know how much voltage your device needs, then pick out the appropriate battery. This dictates the period of time that it will be able to provide a given current.
The greater the capacity, the longer the battery will last. Capacity is affected by three things: the type of battery, number of components within the battery, and its construction.
This means that a digital camera that uses 1, mA of electricity could technically operate under constant use for 6 hours with two AA batteries. When it comes to rechargeable batteries, though, you should keep in mind that the numbers indicated by the manufacturer are those seen under optimal conditions.
Naturally, this varies depending upon the actual conditions of use. Factors like temperature and current-used have a large impact in determining just how long it will last. The benefit to using rechargeable batteries is that it cuts down on the amount of regular batteries that you use. This, in turn, reduces the amount of environmentally harmful regular batteries that get thrown away.
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