Adenoids do important work as infection fighters for babies and little kids. But they become less important as a kid gets older and the body develops other ways to fight germs.
Adenoids usually shrink after about age 5, and by the teenage years they often practically disappear. Because adenoids trap germs that enter the body, adenoid tissue sometimes temporarily swells gets puffier as it tries to fight off an infection. The swelling sometimes gets better, but sometimes adenoids can get infected.
At the doctor's office, the doctor will ask you how things feel in your ears, nose, and throat, and then take a look at these parts. Your doctor will also feel your neck near your jaw. To check the size of your adenoids, your doctor might ask you to get an X-ray or look in your nose with a tiny telescope. If it looks like your adenoids are infected, the doctor may give you an antibiotic a germ-fighting medicine.
Sometimes doctors recommend removing the adenoids if medicine doesn't help or if they're making a kid sick a lot. This means going into the hospital and having a surgery called an adenoidectomy say: ad-eh-noy-DEK-teh-me.
Sometimes, tonsils and adenoids are removed at the same time. This means a kid has a tonsillectomy say: tahn-suh-LEK-tuh-me and an adenoidectomy. After this happens, there can be no more growth — the bones are as big as they will ever be. All of these bones make up a skeleton that is both very strong and very light.
Your spine is one part of the skeleton that's easy to check out: Reach around to the center of your back and you'll feel its bumps under your fingers. The spine lets you twist and bend, and it holds your body upright.
It also protects the spinal cord, a large bundle of nerves that sends information from your brain to the rest of your body. The spine is special because it isn't made of one or even two bones: It's made of 33 bones in all!
These bones are called vertebrae say: VER-tuh-bray and each one is shaped like a ring. In between each vertebra the name for just one of the vertebrae are small disks made of cartilage. These disks keep the vertebrae from rubbing against one another, and they also act as your spine's natural shock absorbers. When you jump in the air, or twist while slamming a dunk, the disks give your vertebrae the cushioning they need.
Your heart, lungs, and liver are all very important, and luckily you've got ribs to keep them safe. Ribs act like a cage of bones around your chest. It's easy to feel the bottom of this cage by running your fingers along the sides and front of your body, a few inches below your heart.
If you breathe in deeply, you can easily feel your ribs right in the front of your body, too. Some thin kids can even see a few of their ribs right through their skin. Your ribs come in pairs, and the left and right sides of each pair are exactly the same. Most people have 12 pairs of ribs, but some people are born with one or more extra ribs, and some people might have one pair less.
All 12 pairs of ribs attach in the back to the spine, where they are held in place by the thoracic vertebrae. The first seven pairs of ribs attach in the front to the sternum say: STUR-num , a strong bone in the center of your chest that holds those ribs in place. The remaining sets of ribs don't attach to the sternum directly. The next three pairs are held on with cartilage to the ribs above them. The very last two sets of ribs are called floating ribs because they aren't connected to the sternum or the ribs above them.
But don't worry, these ribs can't ever float away. Like the rest of the ribs, they are securely attached to the spine in the back. Your skull protects the most important part of all, the brain. You can feel your skull by pushing on your head, especially in the back a few inches above your neck. The skull is actually made up of different bones.
Some of these bones protect your brain, whereas others make up the structure of your face. If you touch beneath your eyes, you can feel the ridge of the bone that forms the hole where your eye sits.
And although you can't see it, the smallest bone in your whole body is in your head, too. The stirrup bone behind your eardrum is only. Want to know something else? Your lower jawbone is the only bone in your head you can move. It opens and closes to let you talk and chew food. Your skull is pretty cool, but it's changed since you were a baby.
All babies are born with spaces between the bones in their skulls. This allows the bones to move, close up, and even overlap as the baby goes through the birth canal. As the baby grows, the space between the bones slowly closes up and disappears, and special joints called sutures say: SOO-churs connect the bones.
As you sit and type at the keyboard, while you swing on a swing, even when you pick up your lunch, you're using the bones in your fingers, hand, wrist, and arm. Each arm is attached to a shoulder blade or scapula say: SKA-pyuh-luh , a large triangular bone on the upper back corner of each side of the ribcage.
The arm is made up of three bones: the humerus say: HYOO-muh-rus , which is above your elbow, and the radius say: RAY-dee-us and ulna say: UL-nuh , which are below the elbow. Each of these bones is wider at the ends and skinnier in the middle, to help give it strength where it meets another bone. At the end of the radius and ulna are eight smaller bones that make up your wrist.
Although these bones are small, they can really move! Twist your wrist around or wave and you'll see how the wrist can move. The center part of your hand is made up of five separate bones.
Each finger on your hand has three bones, except for your thumb, which has two. So between your wrists, hands, and all your fingers, you've got a grand total of 54 bones — all ready to help you grasp things, write your name, pick up the phone, or throw a softball! Sure, your arm, wrist, hand, and finger bones are great for picking up the phone, but how are you supposed to run to answer it? Your baby can eat anything except honey, which she shouldn't eat until she is a year old. You can start to add a healthy snack, like mashed fruit, between meals.
As your baby gets increasing amounts of solid foods, she should continue to get the same amount of breastmilk. From 9—11 months old, your baby can take half a cup of food three to four times a day, plus a healthy snack. Now you can start to chop up soft food into small pieces instead of mashing it.
Your baby may even start to eat food herself with her fingers. Continue to breastfeed whenever your baby is hungry. Each meal needs to be both easy for your baby to eat and packed with nutrition. Make every bite count. Foods need to be rich in energy and nutrients.
In addition to grains and potatoes, be sure your baby has vegetables and fruits, legumes and seeds, a little energy-rich oil or fat, and — especially — animal foods dairy, eggs, meat, fish and poultry every day. Eating a variety of foods every day gives your baby the best chance of getting all the nutrients he needs. Try again a few days later. You can also try mixing it with another food that your baby likes or squeezing a little breastmilk on top.
She'll also need to rely on other foods, including milk products, to get all the nutrition her body needs. When to introduce your baby to solid foods and why the timing is so important.
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